April 30 - Organic Chemistry

Organic Chemistry

• There are more carbon compound than all ionic compounds combine
• the study of carbon compounds is called organic chemistry
• carbon can have multiple bonds and form many different shapes

Hydrocarbons:

• Aliphatics

1. alkanes
2. alkenes
3. alkynes

• Alycyclics
• Aromatics

Hydrocarbons have 3 types of formulas:

Nomenclature of Hydrocarbons:
- one molecular formula can have a number of different structures
Isomers are compounds that can be drawn in more than 1 way
















Naming Alkanes:(all single bonds)

1. name the longest chain by using the correct suffix and add -ane
2. locate any branches by numbering carbon atoms *use the lowest possible number system
3. name branches by using appropriate suffix and -yl ending (alkyl branches)
4. if there are more than one of the same alkyl group, number each one and add the multiplier number in front of the branch name. *use alphabetical naming system.